Refrigerating system.



No. 674,463. Patented may 2|, l90l. E. c. HALL.

BEFB'I'GERATING SYSTEM;

' Application filed-Fab. 16, 1901.)

(N0 Mode'il) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

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No. 674,463. Patented May 2|, |90|. E. c. HALL. REFBIGEBATING SYSTEM.

(Application filed-Feb. 15, 1901 2 Sheets Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

'Jnvanf I eration especially designed and adapted for v uid ammonia.

more expansion-cylinders located above the NrTED STATES ELIJAH O. HALL, OF BRAINTREE, MASSACHUSETTS.

REFRIGERATING SYSTEM.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 674,463, dated May 21, 1901.

' Application filed February 15,1901.

To all whmn it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELIJAH (J. HALL, a citizen of the United States, residing in Braintree, in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Refrigerating Systems, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts. 7

This invention relates to a system of refrigisolated plants, and more particularly for small stores and houses.

In accordance with this invention a refrigerator box or chest contains within it one or bottom of the same and preferably near the top' thereof and connected with a supply tank or reservoir located outside of the said chest or box and containing liquid ammonia, and the expansion-tank is connected by a pipe with a pump, which has its discharge-port connected with a substantially large cylinder within the box or chest near the bottom thereof and forming a condenser, the said cylinder containing a coil, through which water or other cooling medium is circulatedl The condenser is connected by a pipe with the sup ply tank or reservoir for the return of liq- The box or chest may and preferably will contain a plurality of expansion-cylinders, which are connected with the pump, and the pipes connecting said expansion-cylinders with the pump may be provided with suitable shut-off valves. The supply tank or reservoir may be connected with auxiliary chambers located in different receptacles situated in different parts of the house, if desired-as, for instance, one expansion-chamber may be located in the ordinary refrigerator or ice-chest used for household purposes, a second in a chest designed for freezing cream, a third in a casing located in a parlor or other room for lowering the temperature of the same, and so on. These auxiliary chambers have their return-pipes connected with the pump, as will be described. These and other features of this invention will be pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure 1 represents in section and eleva- Serial No. 47,467. (No model-7 or box a contains within it, preferably, two

metal cylinders c d of substantially the length of the box or chest and suitably supported, as by brackets 6, near the top of the same. The chest or box 0, also contains a substantially large cylinderf, located near the bottom thereof and normally covered by a liquid, such as brine, which partially fills the chest up to or about the line g. The cylinders c, d, and fare located near the rear wall of the chest, so as to leave room for the reception of chickens, meats, 850., which may be supported upon suitable shelves h The cylinder 0 is connected by a pipe 1), which may be made substantially long and given one or more coils or turns, with the inlet-port of a pump Z, located outside of the box or chest 0. and having its outlet-port connected by a pipe m with one end of the cylinder f, which has its opposite end connected by the pipe n with one end of a cylinder or reservoir 0, containing liquid ammonia under pressure. The cylinder f constitutes a condenser and contains a coil j, having one end connected with a water-supply pipe and having its end extended through the cylinderfand box a and, if desired, connected with the sewer. The cylinder 0 has its opposite end connected by a pipe 19 and branch pipes q a" with one end of the cylinders c d, which constitute expansion-cylinders, into each of which the liquid ammonia is admitted through an expansion-nozzle attached to the branch pipes q r and preferably of the construction shown in Fig. 4, and consisting of a pipe-section 8, provided with exterior screwthreads if u for attachment to the branch pipe q or r and the expansion-cylinders c or d and a smaller pipe '1), partially inserted into the pipe 3 and having its inlet end provided with a head w,havinga substantially smallor minute orifice 00, through which the liquid ammonia 6 and one or both of the valves 2 3. I5

passes and strikes against a cross bar or pin 7. extended across the pipe '0 in line with the orifice so. The branch pipes q r for the expansion-cylinders are provided with shut-off valves 2 3, the pipe i with the shut-off valve 4, the outlet-pipe n for the condenser with the shut-off valve 5, and the pipe 19 with the shut-off valve 6. The pipes 71 and m may be provided with the shut-off valves 7 8.

With the apparatus as thus far described liquid ammonia may be admitted into either or both expansion-cylinders through the expansion-nozzle thereof by opening the value The expanded ammonia reduces the temperature of the chest or box to the degree required, and the gaseous ammonia is drawn by the pump Z out of the cylinder 0 and through the pipe '0' and is forced under pressure through the pipe m into the cylinderf, wherein it is again liquefied and is forced back' to the supply tank or cylinder. The gaseous ammonia is subjected to pressure in the pump and is condensed and liquefied by the cold water circulating through the coilj. The shut-off valve 4 may be closed to cut off the cylinder cfrom the coil 2', and the valve 10 in the branch pipe 120 may be closed to cut off the cylinder (1 from the said coil. The system described may have connected with it branch systems containing auxiliary expansion cylinders or chambers, whereby different rooms of a house or different receptacles in the same or different rooms may be kept cool.

In the present instance I have represented three separate expansion-chambers located on the second floor of the building, which floor is represented by the heavy black line 14. The branch pipe 120, connected with-the supply-pipep forthe expansion-cylinders c d, leads above the floor 14 and enters a chest, box, or refrigerator 16 and is connected therein with an expansion-cylinder 17, having an outlet-pipe 18, which leads back to the chest or box a and is connected to the pipe 2'. The pipe 120 is connected by a branch pipe 20 with a vertical pipe 21, located in a chest or box 22, having arranged therein three coils of pipes 23 24 25, extended around three sides of the box and forming expansion chambers or cylinders within said box, which are connected to a pipe 26, extended outside of the box and connected to the return pipe 18 from the cylinder 17. The pipe 120 is provided with a shut-0d valve 80, and the said pipe above the pipe 20 is provided with a shutoff valve 31. The return-pipe 18 is provided with a shut-off valve 34 above the branch pipe 26. Each of the expansion-coils Within the box 22 may be provided with a shut-0d valve 36, so that one or more of said coils may be cut off. The box 22 may have placed therein a receptacle containing cream to be frozen, and consisting, as shown, of a series of cans 37, united by cross-bars 38.

In Fig. 2 I have represented an expansioncylinder 40 located in a case 41, which may be located in a parlor or other room, similar to a radiator, and by which the temperature of the room may be lowered in hotweather. The expansion-cylinder 40 has an inlet-pipe 43, which may be connected to the pipe 120 and be provided with a shut-0E valve 44 and may have its outlet-pipe 46 connected to the return-pipe 18. The casing 41 may have a drip or Water-outlet pipe 47. By opening the valves in the branch pipes referred to the ammonia from the supply-reservoir 0 is circulated through the branch systems and returned by the pump through the condenserf to the supply-reservoi r o. The supply-pipep may be connected by a pipe 50 with a second tank or reservoir 51, which is normally shut off by the valve 52. The reservoir 0 may be located in a box 53, containing water or brine 54.

The box or chesta contains a coil of pipe, which may be in practice connected to or form part of a cold-water pipe of the house connected with the city main, whereby the said Water when drawn off at the faucet is caused to circulate through the refrigerator and is thus rendered cold.

I claim- -1. In a refrigerating system, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a refrigerator, box or chest, an expansion cylinder or vessel located in said box or chest, a condensing-cylinder located in said box or chest, a coil within said condensing-cylinder communicating with the outside of said chest, a supply reservoir or cylinder containing liquid ammonia and located outside of said box or chest, a pipe connecting said expansioncylinder with the supply-reservoir, a pump located outside of said box or chest, a pipe connecting said expansion-cylinder with the inlet-port of said pump, a pipe connecting the outlet-port of said pump with said condensing-cylinder, and a pipe connecting said condensing-cylinder with said supply-reservoir, substantially as described.

2. In a refrigerating system, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a supply reservoir or cylinder containing liquid ammonia, a refrigerator box or chest, an expansion cylinder or vessel located in said box or chest, a condenser located in said box or chest, a coil within said condenser, a pump, a pipe connecting said expansion-cylinder with the inlet-port of said pump, a pipe connecting the outlet-port of said pump with said condenser, an auxiliary expansion-cylinder located outside of the said box or chest, a supply-pipe leading to said auxiliary expansion-' cylinder, and a return-pipe from said auxiliary cylinder communicating with the inletport of said pump, substantially as described.

3. In a refrigerating system, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a refrigerator, box or chest, an expansion cylinder or vessel located in said box or chest, a condensing-cylinder located in said box or chest, a coil within said condensing-cylinder extended outside of said box or chest, a pump having its inlet-port connected with the expansion-cylinder, and its outlet-port connected with said condensing-cylinder, and a supply reservoir or cylinder containing liquid ammonia and located outside of said box or chest, and pipes connecting said supply-reservoir with the expansion-cylinder and with the condensing-cylinder, substantially as described.

4. In a refrigerating system, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a refrigerator, box or chest, an expansion cylinder or vessel located in said box or chest, a condenser located in said box or chest, a supply reservoir or cylinder containing liquid 

